Xie expressed his disappointment with the result of the digital yuan trial in some provinces and cities, noting that „the cumulative circulation of the digital currency was only 100 billion pounds during the two years of the trial.” It adds that use was „small and very passive.” Although China is one of the leaders in the development of digital currencies for central banks, Xie says that the digital yuan has not had synergistic effects or commercial advantages for the banks’ business operations. This is at least part of the test so far, and central bank officials probably share the same view, as very few updates have been made during the test. Xie also goes on to say that „cash, debit cards and the Chinese third-party payment mechanisms have formed a payment market structure that has met the needs of daily consumption” and that „it will be difficult to change.”